Functions?

Epithelial cells' functions include providing a protective barrier on the skin and in the lining of internal organs, shielding them from physical injury, bacteria, and harmful chemicals. In areas like the intestines, epithelial cells help absorb nutrients from digested food. Some epithelial cells are involved in the production and secretion of substances such as mucus, enzymes, and hormones. For example, glandular epithelial cells in the stomach produce digestive enzymes. Epithelial cells in sensory organs like the skin, nose, and eyes can detect external stimuli such as touch, smell, and light. In the kidneys, epithelial cells filter waste products from the blood to form urine.

Types of epithelial cells?

Squamous cells: Flat, thin cells that are found in areas such as the skin and lining of blood vessels. Cuboidal cells: Cube-shaped cells found in glands and ducts, such as the kidneys and sweat glands. Columnar cells: Tall, column-like cells that are involved in absorption and secretion, found in places like the intestines and respiratory tract. Ciliated epithelial cells: These cells have tiny hair-like structures (cilia) on their surface that help move substances, like mucus in the respiratory tract.